Paint drying furnace

ABSTRACT

Disclosed is a paint drying furnace for baking and drying paint films on painted objects following a painting process. The furnace of the invention has an interior combustion type heating device arranged on fresh air passages upstream of points of connection to furnace interior circulating gas passages for heating passing fresh air. The combustion type heating device is a direct heating type, combustion type heating device for burning a fuel directly in an atmosphere of passing fresh air to be heated.

TECHNICAL FIELD

This invention relates to paint drying furnaces for baking and drying paint films on painted objects following a painting process, more particularly to a paint drying furnace having furnace interior circulating gas passages for withdrawing furnace gases from furnace interiors and returning the withdrawn gas to the furnace interiors again, fresh air passages connected to the furnace interior circulating gas passages for mixing fresh air into the gases circulating through the furnace interior circulating gas passages, and furnace interior heating means for heating, to a high temperature, the gases returned from the furnace interior circulating gas passages to the furnace interiors to heat the furnace interiors.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

Conventionally, as shown in FIG. 5, a paint drying furnace as noted above has, acting as furnace interior heating means Hb, Hc for heating, to a high temperature, gases RA' returned from furnace interior circulating gas passages 9b, 9c to furnace interiors 1b, 1c, combustion type heating devices 19b', 19c' disposed on the furnace interior circulating gas passages 9b, 9c for heating gases RA circulating through the furnace interior circulating gas passages 9b, 9c by burning operation of burners b.

As the above combustion type heating devices 19b', 19c' for the furnace interiors, it is necessary to employ indirect heating type, combustion type heating devices in which burning flames and combustion gas G produced by the burning operation of burners b and the gases RA circulating through the furnace interior circulating gas passages 9b, 9c to be heated exchange heat in a non-contact mode through inner heat exchangers hx.

Where direct heating type, combustion type heating devices are employed as the combustion type heating devices 19b', 19c' for the furnace interiors, which burn a fuel directly in the atmosphere of gases RA circulating through the furnace interior circulating gas passages 9b, 9c, paint solvent vapor generated in the furnace interiors 1b, 1c during a baking and drying process and included in the gases RA circulating through the furnace interior circulating gas passages 9b, 9c is directly exposed and reacts to the burning flames in the combustion type heating devices 19b', 19c', to produce a reaction product which lowers paint film quality (i.e. a reaction product which adheres to the paint films after return to the furnace interiors 1b, 1c to lower paint film quality). The above construction is employed in order to prevent formation of such a reaction product. In FIG. 5, 8b, 8c denote furnace interior exhaust passages for discharging as exhaust gas EA from the system, part of furnace interior gases ZA withdrawn from the furnace interiors 1b, 1c. 18b', 18c' denote fresh air passages for mixing fresh air OA (usually ambient air) in a quantity corresponding to the exhaust gas from the furnace interior exhaust gas passages 8b, 8c into the gases RA circulating through the furnace interior circulating gas passages 9b, 9c to dilute the solvent vapor produced in the furnace interiors 1b, 1c.

However, the above conventional furnace discharges from the system the combustion gas G retaining a large amount of heat after the heat exchange in the indirect heating type, combustion type heating devices 19b', 19c' with the gases RA circulating through the furnace interior circulating gas passages 9b, 9c (specifically, the circulating gases mixed with fresh air OA), and thus involves a great heat loss. Moreover, the indirect heating type, combustion type heating devices 19b', 19c' including the inner heat exchangers hx have a large heat capacity, and require a large heating load in start-up times. These points pose a problem of high running cost.

In addition, the indirect heating type, combustion type heating devices 19b', 19c', with the inner heat exchangers hx, have a large, complicated construction, which poses a problem of requiring high apparatus cost and large installation space.

Having regard to the state of the prior art noted above, a primary object of this invention is to reduce the heat loss noted above while preventing formation of a reaction product which lowers paint film quality.

Another object is to reduce the heating load in start-up times, and yet to downsize and simplify the apparatus construction.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The above objects are fulfilled by the invention defined in the claims.

That is, a paint drying furnace of this invention is a paint drying furnace noted in the outset hereof and characterized in that:

said furnace interior heating means are combustion type heating devices arranged on said fresh air passages upstream of points of connection to said furnace interior circulating gas passages for heating passing fresh air, and these combustion type heating devices are direct heating type, combustion type heating devices for burning a fuel directly in an atmosphere of passing fresh air to be heated.

According to this invention, while direct heating type, combustion type heating devices are used as the furnace interior heating means for heating, to a high temperature, the gases to be returned from the furnace interior circulating gas passages to the furnace interiors, what is passed through these direct heating type, combustion type heating devices to be heated is fresh air containing no paint solvent vapor yet. Thus, the gases circulating through the furnace interior circulating gas passages and containing paint solvent vapor are not passed through the direct heating type, combustion type heating devices. This reliably avoids the problem of the paint solvent vapor being directly exposed and reacting to burning flames in the direct heating type, combustion type heating devices to produce a reaction product which lowers of paint film quality.

Moreover, the combustion gas generated in the direct heating type, combustion type heating devices is mixed with fresh air and then mixed into the gases circulating through the furnace interior circulating gas passages to contribute to heating of the furnace interiors. This involves a reduced heat loss compared with use of the indirect heating type, combustion type heating devices in which the combustion gas retaining a large amount of heat is discharged from the system. Further, the direct heating type, combustion type heating devices require no inner heat exchangers for allowing a heat exchange in non-contact mode between burning flames and combustion gas, and the gases to be heated. These devices have a smaller heat capacity and impose a less heating load in start-up times than the indirect heating type, combustion type heating devices.

Consequently, the paint drying furnace of this invention can reduce running cost markedly, compared with the conventional furnace, described hereinbefore, having the indirect heating type, combustion type heating devices arranged on the furnace interior circulating gas passages to act as the furnace interior heating means.

Moreover, since the direct heating type, combustion type heating devices require no inner heat exchangers, as noted above, the apparatus has a simple construction, compared with the indirect heating type, combustion type heating devices. Thus, compared with the conventional furnace, the apparatus cost may be reduced and the required installation space may be diminished.

This invention may be embodied as follows.

A combustion type exhaust cleaning device is provided for burning paint solvent vapor contained in exhaust gases from the furnace interiors to clean the exhaust gases, and a heat recovering heat exchanger is provided for allowing a heat exchange between the exhaust gases cleaned by this exhaust cleaning device and the fresh air to preheats the fresh air.

Said fresh air passages are air passages for leading the fresh air preheated at said heat recovering heat exchanger to said furnace interior circulating gas passages through said combustion type heating devices.

With this construction, the direct heating type, combustion type heating devices disposed on the fresh air passages are operated to burn a fuel in the atmosphere of preheated fresh air. This improves the combustion efficiency of the combustion type heating devices to promote a reduction in the running cost more effectively, compared with a mode of introducing fresh air, without being preheated, into the direct heating type, combustion type heating devices.

The various features of novelty which characterize the invention are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this specification. For a better understanding of the invention, its operating advantages and specific objects obtained by its use, reference should be had to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which there is illustrated and described a preferred embodiment of the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 is a view of an entire furnace;

FIG. 2 is a sectional view of a heat retaining zone;

FIG. 3 is a plan view showing hot gas supply openings;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view of a temperature increasing zone; and

FIG. 5 is a view of a furnace showing the prior art.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

In FIG. 1, 1 denotes a paint drying furnace for baking and drying paint films on painted objects 2 (which are automobile bodies in this example) following a painting process. The painted objects 2 mounted on carts 3a are transported by a conveyor apparatus 3 successively through a temperature increasing zone 1a, a first heat retaining zone 1b and a second heat retaining zone 1c in the furnace.

The respective zones 1a, 1b, 1c in the furnace have gas supply chambers 5a, 5b, 5c defining a plurality of hot gas supply openings 4, and exhaust openings 6a, 6b, 6c for withdrawing zone interior gases ZA. The temperature increasing zone 1a has, in addition to the gas supply chamber 5a and exhaust opening 6a, radiator panels 7 for radiating heat to the painted objects 2.

The zone interior gases ZA withdrawn through the exhaust openings 6a, 6b, 6c are divided into parts to be led as zone exhaust gases EA to furnace interior exhaust gas passages 8a, 8b, 8c assigned to the respective zones, and parts to be led as zone circulating gases RA to furnace interior circulating gas passages 9a, 9b, 9c assigned to the respective zones. The exhaust gases EA led to the furnace interior exhaust gas passages 8a, 8b, 8c are collected into an exhaust gas collection passage 10, and transmitted through a main exhaust gas passage 11 to a combustion type exhaust cleaning device 12. Fe denotes an exhaust fan.

The exhaust cleaning device 12 includes a burner b and catalyst layers s. This exhaust cleaning device 12 cleans the exhaust gas EA by burning paint solvent vapor (i.e. paint solvent vapor generating from paint films as a result of a baking and drying process in the furnace) contained in the exhaust gas EA under catalysis. Cleaned exhaust gas EA' is outputted to an exhaust gas discharge passage 13.

14 denotes a heat recovering heat exchanger at a hot side for allowing a heat exchange between the untreated exhaust gas EA transmitted through the main exhaust gas passage 11 to the exhaust cleaning device 12 and the hot, cleaned exhaust gas EA' outputted to the exhaust gas discharge passage 13 after the burning treatment, thereby to preheat the untreated exhaust gas EA transmitted to the exhaust cleaning device 12.

15 denotes a heat recovering heat exchanger at a cold side for allowing a heat exchange between fresh air OA (which is ambient air drawn from outside in this example) introduced through a main fresh air passage 16 and the cleaned exhaust gas EA' in the exhaust gas discharge passage 13 after passing through the heat recovering heat exchanger 14 at the hot side, thereby to preheat the fresh air OA. The cleaned exhaust gas EA' after being used for preheating the fresh air OA in the heat recovering heat exchanger 15 at the cold side is discharged from the system through the exhaust gas discharge passage 13.

Each furnace interior circulating gas passage 9a, 9b, 9c has a downstream end thereof connected to the gas supply chamber 5a, 5b, 5c of the corresponding zone, and a filter 17 for cleaning circulating gas RA and a fan Fr for causing the circulation mounted in intermediate positions thereof.

Individual fresh air passages 18a, 18b, 18c for the respective zones 1a, 1b, 1c are branched from the main fresh air passage 16. Each of these fresh air passages 18a, 18b, 18c has a fan Fo mounted thereon for drawing the fresh air. Of these fresh air passages 18a, 18b, 18c, the fresh air passages 18b, 18c for the first and second heat retaining zones 1b, 1c are connected to the furnace interior circulating gas passages 9b, 9c of the corresponding zones.

The fresh air passages 18b, 18c for the first and second heat retaining zones 1b, 1c have, acting as furnace interior heating means Hb, Hc for the respective heat retaining zones 1b, 1c, combustion type furnace interior heating devices 19b, 19c arranged upstream of points of passage connection to the furnace interior circulating gas passages 9b, 9c for heating passing fresh air OA by burning operation of burners b. The combustion type furnace interior heating devices 19b, 19c employed are the direct heating type for burning a fuel directly in the atmosphere of fresh air OA flowing through the fresh air passages 18b, 18c.

That is, for the first and second heat retaining zone 1b, 1c, hot fresh air OA' (in particular, air containing combustion gas) heated by the combustion type furnace interior heating devices 19b, 19c is mixed into the gases RA circulating through the furnace interior circulating gas passages 9b, 9c, thereby heating, to a high temperature, the gases RA' returning to the heat retaining zones 1b, 1c from the furnace interior circulating gas passages 9b, 9c (i.e., gas mixtures of the zone circulating gas RA and hot fresh air OA'). The gases RA' heated to a high temperature are delivered as hot gases from the hot gas supply openings 4 of gas supply chambers 5b, 5c into the heat retaining zones to heat the heat retaining zones by convection, thereby to adjust the interior temperatures of the respective heat retaining zones 1b, 1c to a predetermined temperature and to dilute the solvent vapor generated in the respective heat retaining zones 1b, 1c.

For the temperature increasing zone 1a, on the other hand, radiator panels of the hot gas heat source type are employed as radiator panels 7, in which radiating surfaces 7a are heated by passing a heat source hot gas through inner gas passages ip to radiate heat from the radiating surfaces 7a to the painted objects 2. A radiator circulating gas passage 20 is provided to return gas PA outputted from the inner gas passages ip of the radiator panels 7, to the inner gas passages ip of the radiator panels 7. A combustion type radiator heating device 19a is mounted on the radiator circulating gas passage 20 for heating the gas PA circulating through the radiator circulating gas passage 20 by burning operation of a burner b. The combustion type radiator heating device 19a employed is the direct heating type, as are the combustion type furnace interior heating devices 19b, 19c for the first and second heat retaining zones 1b, 1c, for burning a fuel directly in the atmosphere of gas PA circulating through the radiator circulating gas passage 20.

A shunt gas passage 21 is branched from a gas passage portion of the radiator circulating gas passage 20 which leads the gas PA outputted from the inner gas passages ip of radiator panels 7 to the combustion type radiator heating device 19a. The shunt gas passage 21 is connected to the furnace interior circulating gas passage 9a of the temperature increasing zone 1a. The fresh air passage 18a for the temperature increasing zone 1a is connected to the radiator circulating gas passage 20 in a position closer to the combustion type radiator heating device 19a than a branching position of the shunt gas passage 21. Fp denotes a circulating fan mounted in the radiator circulating gas passage 20.

That is, for the temperature increasing zone 1a, the combustion type radiator heating device 19a heats a gas mixture of the remainder of the gas PA outputted from the radiator panels 7, after part thereof is branched off into the shunt gas passage 21, and the fresh air OA supplied through the fresh air passage 18a. The heated gas PA' (in particular, a gas containing combustion gas) is passed through the inner gas passages ip of radiator panels 7 to radiate heat from the radiating surfaces 7a of radiator panels 7 to the painted objects 2.

The hot gas PA branched off into the shunt gas passage 21 is mixed into the gas RA circulating through the furnace interior circulating gas passage 9a of the temperature increasing zone 1a to heat, to a high temperature, the gas RA' (i.e. a gas mixture of zone circulating gas RA of the temperature increasing zone 1a and hot gas PA" supplied from the shunt gas passage 21) returned from the furnace interior circulating gas passage 9a to the temperature increasing zone 1a. The gas RA' heated to a high temperature is delivered as hot gas from the hot gas supply openings 4 of gas supply chamber 5a into the temperature increasing zone to heat the temperature increasing zone by convection, thereby to adjust the interior temperature of the temperature increasing zone 1a to a predetermined temperature. At the same time, the gas mixture is introduced from the shunt gas passage 21 as a fresh gas into the temperature increasing zone 1a to dilute the solvent vapor generated therein.

That is, zone heating of the temperature increasing zone 1a is done by employing a mode in which the gas RA' returned from the furnace interior circulating gas passage 9a to the furnace interior 1a is heated to a high temperature by dividing and supplying the hot gas PA" by the shunt gas passage 21 from the radiator circulating gas passage 20 to the furnace interior circulating gas passage 9a as noted above. Thus, the combustion type radiator heating device 19a on the radiator circulating gas passage 20 is made to serve also as furnace interior heating means Ha for the temperature increasing zone.

In short, for the first and second heat retaining zones 1b, 1c, while using the direct heating type, combustion type furnace interior heating devices 19b, 19c, fresh air OA containing no paint solvent vapor is heated by the combustion type furnace interior heating devices 19b, 19c. A furnace interior heating mode is employed in which the heated fresh air OA' is mixed into the gases RA circulating through the furnace interior circulating gas passages 9b, 9c to heat the zone interiors. For the temperature increasing zone 1a including the radiator panels 7, a furnace interior heating mode is employed in which part of the hot clean gas PA in the radiator circulating gas passage 20 containing no paint solvent vapor is divided, and the divided hot clean gas PA" is mixed into the gas RA circulating through the furnace interior circulating gas passage 9a to heat the furnace interior. By employing these, the paint solvent vapor contained in the gases RA circulating through the furnace interior circulating gas passages 9a, 9b, 9c is exposed and reacts to burning flame in the direct heating type, combustion type heating devices, to produce a reaction product which would lower paint film quality. It is possible to avoid a situation where the reaction product mixes into the gases returning to the furnace interiors from the furnace interior circulating gas passages 9a, 9b, 9c.

On the other hand, hoods 22a, 22b are arranged at the inlet and outlet of the furnace, respectively, for collecting furnace interior gases ZA' leaking out through the inlet and outlet. Hood exhaust gas passages 23a, 23b connected to these hoods 22a, 22b include hood gas exhaust fans Ff and gas passage opening and shutting dampers Df. The exhaust gas collection passage 10 is connected to the hood exhaust gas passages 23a, 23b in positions closer to the hoods than the gas passage opening and shutting dampers Df.

That is, in a regular operation as an operating mode of the furnace to perform baking and drying treatment of the painted objects 2 in the furnace, gas passage opening and shutting dampers De of the furnace interior exhaust gas passages 8a, 8b, 8c of the respective zones 1a, 1b, 1c are opened, and gas passage opening and shutting dampers Df of the hood exhaust gas passages 23a, 23b are closed. Consequently, exhaust gases EA from the respective zones 1a, 1b, 1c and gases ZA' collected by the hoods 22a, 22b are transmitted to the exhaust cleaning device 12, and the exhaust cleaning device 12 burns the paint solvent vapor contained in these exhaust gases EA and collected gases ZA'.

In a start-up operation as a stage preceding the regular operation to increase the zone temperatures of the respective zones 1a, 1b, 1c to the predetermined temperatures with no painted objects 2 present in the furnace yet, the gas passage opening and shutting dampers De of the furnace interior exhaust gas passages 8a, 8b, 8c of the respective zones 1a, 1b, 1c are closed to stop the exhaust gases from the respective zones 1a, 1b, 1c, thereby to expedite start-up of the zone temperatures. On the other hand, the gas passage opening and shutting dampers Df of the hood exhaust gas passages 23a, 23b are opened, whereby the hood exhaust fans Ff cause the gases ZA' collected by the hoods 22a, 22b (i.e. gases not containing paint solvent vapor yet) to be discharged to a fixed discharge location through the hood exhaust gas passages 23a, 23b.

24a, 24b in the drawing denote panel heaters for preventing the paint solvent vapor in the furnace interior gases from condensing on ceilings adjacent the inlet and outlet of the furnace. By preventing condensation of the paint solvent vapor with theses panel heaters 24a, 24b, a situation is avoided where condensed paint solvent drips on the painted objects 2 to lower paint film quality. Moreover, this assures that paint solvent vapors adjacent the inlet and outlet of the furnace are promptly collected along with the furnace interior gases ZA' by the hoods 22a, 22b and transmitted to the exhaust cleaning device 12.

The panel heaters 24a, 24b employed are the hot gas heat source type to pass heat source hot gases through inner gas passages ia, ib. For the panel heater 24a at the furnace inlet, part of the hot gas PA' transmitted through the radiator circulating gas passage 20 from the combustion type radiator heating device 19a to the radiator panels 7 is supplied as heat source hot gas to the inner gas passage ia of panel heater 24a. The gas having passed through the inner gas passage ia of panel heater 24a is joined to the gas PA outputted from the radiator panels 7. For the panel heater 24b at the furnace outlet, part of the hot gas RA' supplied to the gas supply chamber 5c in the second heat retaining zone 1c is supplied as heat source hot gas to the inner gas passage ib of panel heater 24b. The gas having passed through the inner gas passage ib of panel heater 24b is joined to the gas ZA withdrawn from the zone 1c through the exhaust opening 6c.

FIG. 2 shows a specific inner structure of the first and second heat retaining zones 1b, 1c. According to FIG. 2, a pair of gas supply chambers 5b, 5c extending in the direction of transport of the painted objects 2 are arranged at opposite, left and right ends in the zone bottom. Each of these gas supply chambers 5b, 5c defines, as the hot gas supply openings 4, upward supply openings 4a for blowing hot gas RA' upward along a furnace wall, and oblique supply openings 4b for blowing hot gas RA' obliquely upward toward the right and left center in the zone.

As shown in FIG. 3, these upward supply openings 4a and oblique supply openings 4b are arranged in respective rows in the direction of transport of the painted objects 2, with each opening in the form of a slit.

Gas flow guides 25a, 25b extending in the direction of transport of the painted objects 2 are formed at the right and left center of the zone ceiling and at opposite, right and left ends of the zone ceiling for guiding zone interior gas flows as shown in arrows in the drawing. A furnace wall structure comprises a double wall structure including an outer wall panel 26 with an insulating material 26a applied thereto, and an inner wall panel 27 with an insulating material 27a applied thereto, an insulating layer of air 28 being formed between the inner and outer walls.

While the gas supply chambers 5b, 5c are arranged in the zones as described above, as for the exhaust side, exhaust chambers are omitted and each heat retaining zone 1a, 1b has one or two exhaust openings 6b, 6c opening at the right and left center of the zone ceiling. By omitting exhaust chambers in this way, each heat retaining zone 1a, 1b has a reduced heat capacity to diminish a start-up heating load during an initial period of operation.

On the other hand, a specific inner structure of the temperature increasing zone 1a, as shown in FIG. 4, has a pair of gas supply chambers 5a extending in the direction of transport of the painted objects 2 and arranged at opposite, right and left ends of the zone bottom. Each of these gas supply chambers 5a defines upward supply openings 4a and oblique supply openings 4b as in the heat retaining zones 1b, 1c. The radiator panels 7 are arranged on opposite furnace walls above these gas supply chambers 5a.

Gas flow guides 25a, 25b are provided as in the heat retaining zones 1b,1c. As for the exhaust, exhaust chambers are omitted as in the heat retaining zones 1b, 1c, and one or two exhaust openings 6a open at the right and left center of the zone ceiling. By omitting exhaust chambers in this way, large areas of the radiating surfaces 7a are secured for the radiator panel 7.

In the furnace wall structure of temperature increasing zone 1a in the example shown in FIG. 4, the furnace wall in the temperature increasing zone 1a is formed only of a single wall panel 29 with an insulating material 29a applied thereto. Where appropriate, a double wall structure as in the heat retaining zones 1b, 1c may be employed also for the temperature increasing zone 1a.

(1) In the foregoing embodiment, the invention defined in claim 1 is applied to the first and second heat retaining zones 1b, 1c in the furnace. In a furnace construction in which the furnace interior is divided into a plurality of zones, the invention defined in claim 1 may be applied to all of these zones. The invention defined in claim 1 may be applied to a furnace construction having no divided zones.

(2) In the foregoing embodiment, ambient air is used as fresh air OA. Fresh air OA may be varied types of air as long as furnace interior gas ZA is not contained, such as indoor air of a painting plant, or cleaned exhaust air from a different apparatus.

(3) The inner structure of the furnace is not limited to the inner structures shown in FIGS. 2 and 4 but may be varied in may ways.

The terms and expressions which have been employed are used as terms of description and not of limitation, and there is no intention in the use of such terms and expressions of excluding any equivalents of the features shown and described or portions thereof; it being recognized that various modifications are possible within the scope of the invention. 

We claim:
 1. A paint drying furnace having an interior, the furnace comprising:furnace interior circulating gas passages for withdrawing furnace interior gases from the furnace interior and returning the withdrawn gases to the furnace interior; a fresh air passage connected to the furnace interior circulating gas passages for mixing fresh air into the gases circulating through the furnace interior circulating gas passages; and a combustion type heating device for heating the gases returned from the furnace interior circulating gas passage to the furnace interiors, thereby to heat the furnace interiors, wherein the combustion type heating device is arranged on said fresh air passage upstream of a connection to said furnace interior circulating gas passages for heating passing fresh air.
 2. The paint drying furnace of claim 1 wherein said combustion type heating device is a direct heating type for burning a fuel in an atmosphere of passing fresh air to be heated.
 3. The paint drying furnace of claim 1 further comprising a combustion type exhaust cleaning device for burning paint solvent vapor contained in exhaust gases from the furnace interiors to clean the exhaust gases.
 4. The paint drying furnace of claim 3 further comprising a heat recovering heat exchanger for a heat exchange between the cleaned exhaust gases and the fresh air to preheat the fresh air.
 5. The paint drying furnace of claim 4 wherein said fresh air passage is an air passage for leading the fresh air preheated at said heat recovering heat exchanger to said furnace interior circulating gas passages through said combustion type heating device.
 6. The paint drying furnace of claim 1 wherein said furnace interiors have at least one gas supply chamber extending in a direction of transport of painted objects and arranged at an end of a bottom of said furnace interior, said gas supply chamber defining hot gas supply openings.
 7. The paint drying furnace of claim 6 wherein said hot gas supply openings include supply openings for blowing hot gas upward along a furnace wall, and oblique supply openings for blowing the hot gas obliquely upward toward the right and left center in the zone. 